2019年1月19日雅思阅读考题回顾

　　P1 活字印刷历史

　　P2 澳大利亚原住民和部落

　　P3 员工驱动力

　　朗阁雅思阅读主讲教师边晓菲点评

　　1. 本次考试难度适中。

　　2. 整体分析：涉及科技类(P1)、 历史类(P2)与商务类(P3)

　　3. 主要题型：本次考试难度适中。主要考察填空题，判断题，另外出现配对题以及选择题。其中P1是我们反复强调的高频取材科技史类文章，搭配题目也不出意外出现流程图填空，该类题型难度不大，并且剑雅系列有多篇范文，考前应多加关注。值得注意的是，本次考试有2次出现多项选择题，该类题型对于考生的定位能力以及同义替换技巧要求较高。

　　4. P1 活字印刷历史

　　题型搭配： 判断 4 + 流程图填空 6 + summary填空 3

　　参考答案：

　　1. Early books have many errors –NG

　　2. 活字印刷里就记得在M**某个地方只有富人才买得起书– T

　　3. 刚开始printing的书，插图illustration – T

　　4. Business man in Roma begin to notice the value of printing can make money – F

　　5-7. 待补充

　　8. proof reading

　　9. types

　　10. local newspapers

　　11. binding

　　12. simulating

　　13. 待补充

　　原文待补充

　　5. P2澳大利亚原住民和部落

　　题型搭配：多项选择 2 + 匹配

　　参考答案

　　14. -26 待补充

　　参考文章待补充：

　　6. P3 员工驱动力

　　单项选择 5 + 多项选择 3 + 判断 6

　　参考答案与解析：

　　27 利用题目细节信息定位于第一段“ It is like studying the movements of car mithout taking out the engine.”因此，正确答案为C。

　　28 利用题目细节信息定位于第二段“It is important to study the motivation of employees because it is related to the emotion and behaviour of employees. ”因此，正确答案为A。

　　29 利用题目细节信息定位于第3段“letter of appreciation generates more motivation than a thousand dollar check, which can serve as the invisible power to boost business engagement. Successful organisations and leaders not only need to focus on the optimisation of physical reward but also on moving other levers within the organisation that can drive motivation.”因此，正确答案为D。

　　30利用题目细节信息定位于第5段，“employees with simulation that challenges : them or allow them to grow. Employees don’t want to do meaningless things or monotonous job. .”因此，正确答案为B。

　　31 利用题目细节信息定位于第6段，本题正确答案为C。

　　32 定位于第4段“ Employees will be motivated if they find personal belonging to the company.”因此，正确答案为A。

　　33 定位于第5段，提到公司应该为员工提供"simulation that challenges them."这与选项中的“challenging”相对应。而文中后面一句“If the job didn‘t provide them with personal meaning and fulfillment，they will leave the company’”和E选项后半句直接对应，因此正确答案为E。

　　34 定位于第6段，“if their companies are merged with another,they will show worries” 与选项中直接对应。需要注意的是，一个公司出售和一个公司与其他公司合并，可视为同义替换。因此，正确答案为F。

　　35 利用顺序原则和细节信息“lead to”和“high work motivation”进行定位。第2段中说到，员工动力可以通过研究四种驱动力来达到，而不是题干所说的“提高收入”所以本题答案为NO。

　　36 本题关键词为“local companies”，“global companies”和“benefit more”。纵观全文，发现‘全球性企业’’只在第7段略有提及，而当地公司并没有提及。此题中的比较关系更是无从谈起。题目信息在原文信息的基础上无法判断，所以本题答案是NOT GIVEN。

　　37 利用顺序原则和细节信息‘’the most commitment”定位到第4段，文中的(Drive to Bond)“In the meantime，the most commitment will be achieved by the employee on condition that... ”说明了员工的最大‘’commitment‘是来自“drive to bond”,而不是来源于‘’drive to comprehend 。”题目信息与原文信息不符，所以本题答案为NO。

　　38 利用顺序原则和细节信息“unusual attitude toward the merging”定位到第6段，末句和第8段中的‘’ on the merging of...shows that employees in former company shows that employees in former company show an unusual cooperating attitude",可知原文与题干描述的意思一致，所以，正确答案为YES。

　　39 NO

　　40 NOT GIVEN

　　文章参考：

　　Motivating Drives

　　Scientists have been researching the way to get employees motivated for many years. This research in a relational study which builds the fundamental and comprehensive model for study. This is especially true when the business goal is to turn unmotivated teams into productive ones. But their researchers have limitations. It is like studying the movements of car without taking out the engine.

　　Motivation is what drives people to succeed and plays a vital role in enhancing an organizational development. It is important to study the motivation of employees because it is related to the emotion and behavior of employees. Recent studies show there are four drives for motivation. They are the drive to acquire, the drive to bond, the drive to comprehend and the drive to defend.

　　The Drive to Acquire

　　The drive to acquire must be met to optimize the acquire aspect as well as the achievement element. Thus the way that outstanding performance is recognized, the type of perks that is provided to polish the career path. But sometimes a written letter of appreciation generates more motivation than a thousand dollar check, which can serve as the invisible power to boost business engagement. Successful organizations and leaders not only need to focus on the optimization of physical reward but also on moving other levers within the organization that can drive motivation.

　　The Drive to Bond

　　The drive to bond is also key to driving motivation. There are many kinds of bonds between people, like friendship, family. In company, employees also want to be an essential part of company. They want to belong to the company. Employees will be motivated if they find personal belonging to the company. In the meantime, the most commitment will be achieved by the employee on condition that the force of motivation within the employee affects the direction, intensity and persistence of decision and behavior in company.

　　The Drive to Comprehend

　　The drive to comprehend motivates many employees to higher performance. For years, it has been known that setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance. Organizations need to ensure that the various job roles provide employees with simulation that challenges them or allow them to grow. Employees don’t want to do meaningless things or monotonous job. If the job didn’t provide them with personal meaning and fulfillment, they will leave the company.

　　The Drive to Defend

　　The drive to defend is often the hardest lever to pull. This drive manifests itself as a quest to create and promote justice, fairness, and the ability to express ourselves freely. The organizational lever for this basic human motivator is resource allocation. This drive is also met through an employee feeling connection to a company. If their companies are merged with another, they will show worries.

　　Two studies have been done to find the relations between the four drives and motivation.

　　The article based on two studies was finally published in Harvard Business Review. Most authors’ arguments have laid emphasis on four-drive theory and actual investigations. Using the results of the surveys which executed with employees from Fortune 500 companies and other two global businesses (P company and H company), the article mentions about how independent drives influence employees’ behavior and how organizational levers boost employee motivation.

　　The studies show that the drive to bond is most related to fulfilling commitment, while the drive to comprehend is most related to how much effort employees spend on works. The drive to acquire can be satisfied by a rewarding system which ties rewards to performances, and gives the best people opportunities for advancement. For drive to defend, a study on the merging of P company and H company shows that employees in former company show an unusual cooperating attitude.

　　The key to successfully motivate employees is to meet all drives. Each of these drives is important if we are to understand employee motivation. These four drives, while not necessarily the only human drives, are the ones that are central to unified understanding of modern human life.

　　考试预测

　　1. 本次考试三篇文章题型搭配相对特殊，出现近一段时间相对低频的题型，多选题，并且在2篇文章中均有涉及。这要求考生在考前复习时，应全面覆盖各类题型及对应技巧练习，以应对可能出现的考场情况。除此之外，重点题目仍然以填空，判断，单项选择为主导，学生考前应该多多复习巩固老师课堂中所提及的重点内容，以及典型的题型组合形式。

　　2. 下场考试的话题可能有关教育类、心理类等。

　　3. 重点浏览16-18年机经。

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